Battery chemistry & storage

Battery state of health calculator

Enter your battery's rated and measured capacity. Get your current state of health and how close you are to end of life.

Your numbers

1 Project details Optional
Shown on your exported report. Leave blank to skip.
2 Your battery
From your BMS app or a full charge-discharge test.
3 End of life threshold Optional
Check your warranty for the exact figure.

How it works

Three steps to check your state of health

Step 1

Find your original rated capacity

Use the nameplate figure from your battery's spec sheet or original purchase documentation, the same starting point used in the warranty capacity guarantee calculator.

Step 2

Get a current measured capacity reading

Your BMS app is the easiest source if it reports this directly. Otherwise, a full charge-discharge test gives a reasonable manual estimate.

Step 3

Track this number over time, not just once

A single reading tells you where you stand today. Repeating this check periodically shows the trend, which matters more for planning ahead. The capacity over time calculator can help project where that trend is likely headed.

Understanding your state of health result

What state of health actually tells you

State of health compares your battery's current usable capacity against what it could deliver when new, giving a direct snapshot of how much capacity has been lost so far. It doesn't tell you how fast that loss is happening or where the trend is headed, which is why one reading alone is useful but limited, and the battery lifespan estimator is a better fit if what you actually want is that longer trend rather than a single point in time.

Why the end-of-life threshold isn't a hard cutoff

A battery below its warranty's end-of-life threshold, typically 70% to 80%, can often keep running fine, just with less runtime than before. Whether that's acceptable depends entirely on your usage, since a battery that only needs to cover short outages has more flexibility than one relying on daily deep cycling, a usage-dependent tolerance the DOE's Office of Electricity also weighs when it evaluates degraded storage assets for continued grid service.

Why measurement method affects accuracy

A BMS-reported state of health can drift from true capacity over time if it isn't periodically recalibrated with a full charge-discharge cycle, so treat app-reported figures as a helpful estimate rather than a certified measurement. The premium for a longer-lived chemistry has to pay back. The levelized cost of energy calculator in our Savings & Payback section can help you test whether it does.

What to check next

If your state of health is approaching the end-of-life threshold, the replacement timing by chemistry tool and end of life threshold calculator can help you plan the next step. NREL's energy storage research covers the underlying degradation mechanisms behind these numbers in more technical depth if you want to go further.

Questions

Frequently asked

State of health is the ratio of a battery's current usable capacity to its original rated capacity, expressed as a percentage. A battery at 86% state of health can still store and deliver energy, just about 14% less than it could when new.

Many battery management systems report an estimated usable capacity or state of health directly in a monitoring app, which is the easiest source if available. Without that, a full charge-to-discharge test measuring actual energy delivered against the nameplate rating gives a reasonably accurate manual estimate.

Most manufacturer warranties define end of life as 70% to 80% of original rated capacity, though a battery below that threshold can often keep functioning, just with reduced runtime. The exact number depends on your specific product's warranty terms and how much reduced capacity you're willing to tolerate.

No, degradation typically compounds, fading faster in earlier years and slower in later years as a percentage of remaining capacity. A single state of health reading is a snapshot, not a rate, so tracking it over time gives a much clearer picture than one measurement alone.